home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK04107}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Pica}
- $Subject{Pica Eating Disorder Pica Eating Disorder}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 214:
- Pica
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Pica) is not the name you
- expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate names and
- disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Eating Disorder
- Pica Eating Disorder
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Pica is an eating disorder which is characterized by the repeated eating
- of non-nutritive substances over a period of one month or longer. Patients
- may eat non-edible objects such as paint, plaster, dirt, ice, or laundry
- starch. Pica generally affects small children, pregnant women, and people
- whose cultural environment is most compatible with the eating of non-food
- items.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Onset of Pica is generally between 12 to 24 months of age. Infants typically
- eat paint, plaster, string, hair or cloth. Older children may eat substances
- such as animal droppings, sand, bugs, leaves or pebbles. Aversion to food is
- absent. Complications of the disorder are lead poisoning (from eating lead-
- based paints) and hairball tumors. Non-food items such as laundry starch,
- clay, dirt, stones, chalk and limestone are other substances which may be
- craved by Pica patients. Children usually outgrow Pica. Rarely adults may
- manifest the disorder. Pregnant women sometimes have a craving for unusual
- foods like pickles or ice and rarely non-food items.
-
- For more information on Pica, see the related article in the Prevalent
- Health Conditions/Concerns area of NORD Services.
-
- Causes
-
- While a relationship between Pica and iron deficiency has been suggested, a
- cause and effect relationship has not yet been proven. Some substances which
- are craved by patients with this disorder interfere with the body's
- absorption of iron from food. Some authorities believe that Pica is a
- learned pattern of behavior while others theorize that it is due to other
- cultural, psychological and physiological factors or a combination of these
- factors. In many cases, correction of iron or other deficiencies in the
- patient may eliminate the abnormal craving which characterizes this disorder.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Pica can begin as early as the age of one year and is usually outgrown by six
- or seven years of age, but some cases persist until puberty. Some adult
- women, particularly pregnant women, can suffer from this disorder. Severely
- retarded people often must be monitored to protect them from eating non-edible
- substances.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Pica mainly consists of preventing patients from eating the
- craved, non-nutritive substances. Psychiatric counseling aimed at behavior
- modification is often recommended. However, for certain cultural reasons,
- some Pica clay and starch eaters may persist in occasionally eating a lump or
- two of these items.
-
- When mineral imbalances can be identified in people who have Pica, the
- imbalance should be corrected with vitamin and/or mineral supplements. In
- many cases correction of these deficiencies will stop or reduce the craving
- for inedible substances.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Pica, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Mental Health Association
- 1021 Prince St.
- Alexandria, VA 22314
- (703) 684-7722
-
- National Alliance for the Mentally Ill
- 1901 N. Fort Meyer Dr., Suite 500
- Arlington, VA 22209
- (703) 524-7600
-
- National Mental Health Consumer Self-Help Clearinghouse
- 311 S. Juniper St., Rm. 902
- Philadelphia, PA 19107
- (215) 735-2481
-
- NIH/National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20205
- (301) 443-4515 or (301) 496-1752
- (800) 421-4211 (24 hrs.)
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6344
-
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
- 1600 Clifton Road, NE
- Atlanta, GA 30333
- (404) 639-3534
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1101.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 880, 896-7.
-
-